Labelling Theory And Robert Agnew s General Strain Theory

Introduction Drug use is on the rise worldwide, and Canada is not immune to this travesty, according to the Health Officer’s Council of British Columbia 2016 report a staggering 47,000 Canadians died due to substance abuse throughout the previous year. It is widely believed that drug use is the result of one’s own personal choice in a circumstance they decide to live in. Although concept’s such as Howard Becker’s Labelling theory and Robert Agnew ’s General Strain Theory presents ideas on how the sociological environment plays a factor in shaping individuals and leading them to resort to choices such as drug use. The Labelling theory is a concept in which the stigmatization of placing identity markers through pre-conceived notions and†¦show more content†¦The emotion of anger is particularly important in mediating the relationship between strain and crime (Agnew 1992, 2001, 2006) and depressive emotions like despair and hopelessness are related to devia nt coping mechanisms like the use of drugs and alcohol. The research conducted by â€Å"Epidemiologic Drug Abuse Research on Minority Youth: Methodological Issues and Recent Research Advances† held on July 17-18, 1991, in Bethesda, MD found impressive findings from these analyses are the consistent significant relationships between strain and deviance among a testing group of Cuban and other Hispanic boys. The four-acculturative strain and protective factor scale categories that used in the study were language-related conflicts, familism, family acculturation conflict, and ethnic awareness. Language-related conflict was significantly correlated with deviance in both groups: with drug use among Cubans and alcohol use among other Hispanics. Results from familism were found to be negatively correlated with deviance and substance use in both samples. Family acculturation conflict, which combines describes family conflicts based on cultural strains, was highly correlated with deviance and the abuse of substances in both testing samples. Lastly, ethnic awareness, which concerns perceptions of prejudice, was significantly correlated with deviance and substance use in both subsamples. Results proved to show that there is a direct correlation between elements ofShow MoreRelatedLabelling Theory And Robert Agnew s General Strain Theory1651 Words   |  7 PagesHoward Becker’s Labelling theory and Robert Agnew ’s General Strain Theory presents ideas on how the sociological environment plays a factor into shaping individuals and leading them to resort to choices such as drug use. The Labelling theory is a concept in which the stigmatization of placing identity markers through pre-conceived notions and judgements can lead to a personal internalization of the imposed label which in turn can lead to deviance (Erikson,1964,417-419). The Strain Theory is an idea centeredRead MoreWhat Did Durkheim Mean When He Called The Collective Conscience?1260 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant for understanding Crime and devian ce. 2) Describe Merton s theory of Strain as an explanation of crime and deviance in society. Strain theory refers to when people turn to crime and deviancy when they feel unable to achieve socially approved goals through legitimate means. (Agnew, 1992). Featherstone and Deflem (2003) outline five routes that individuals could take in order to achieve their goals, according to Merton’s theory. The first is the ‘conformist’ route where individuals adhereRead MoreCrime And The Crimes Of Crime Essay1949 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006) crime is defined as â€Å"an offence punishable by the State on behalf of the general public whose standards do not permit the offending behaviour.† Whilst countless studies have been conducted over the years surrounding crime and the committing of crimes by individuals’, there has also long been debate surrounding whether or not crime is gendered and if so, to what extent. Over the decades a number of studies have been conducted in order to answer Labelling Theory And Robert Agnew s General Strain Theory Introduction Drug use is on the rise worldwide, and Canada is not immune to this travesty, according to the Health Officer’s Council of British Columbia 2016 report a staggering 47,000 Canadians died due to substance abuse throughout the previous year. It is widely believed that drug use is the result of one’s own personal choice in a circumstance they decide to live in. Although concept’s such as Howard Becker’s Labelling theory and Robert Agnew ’s General Strain Theory presents ideas on how the sociological environment plays a factor into shaping individuals and leading them to resort to choices such as drug use. The Labelling theory is a concept in which the stigmatization of placing identity markers through pre-conceived notions and†¦show more content†¦The emotion of anger is particularly important in mediating the relationship between strain and crime and depressive emotions like despair and hopelessness are related to deviant coping mechanisms li ke the use of drugs and alcohol (Agnew,2001,319-361). The research conducted by â€Å"Epidemiologic Drug Abuse Research on Minority Youth: Methodological Issues and Recent Research Advances† held on July 17-18, 1991 found impressive findings that prove a significant relationship between strain and deviance among a testing group of Cuban and other Hispanic boys. The four-acculturative strain and protective factor scale categories that used in the study were language-related conflict, familism, family acculturation conflict, and ethnic awareness. Language-related conflict was significantly correlated with deviance in both groups: with drug use among Cubans and alcohol use among other Hispanics (Vega,1997,12-13) . Results from familism were found to be negatively correlated with deviance and substance use in both samples(Vega,1997,12-13). Family acculturation conflict, which combines describes family conflicts based on cultural strains, was highly correlated with deviance and the abuse of substances in both testing samples -(Vega,1 997,12-13). Lastly ethnic awareness, which concerns perceptions of prejudice, was significantly correlated with deviance and substance use in both subsamples(Vega,1997,12-13) .Show MoreRelatedLabelling Theory And Robert Agnew s General Strain Theory1676 Words   |  7 Pagesas Howard Becker’s Labelling theory and Robert Agnew ’s General Strain Theory presents ideas on how the sociological environment plays a factor in shaping individuals and leading them to resort to choices such as drug use. The Labelling theory is a concept in which the stigmatization of placing identity markers through pre-conceived notions and judgments can lead to a personal internalization of the imposed label which in turn can lead to deviance (Citation). The Strain Theory is an idea centeredRead MoreWhat Did Durkheim Mean When He Called The Collective Conscience?1260 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant for understanding Crime and deviance. 2) Describe Merton s theory of Strain as an explanation of crime and deviance in society. Strain theory refers to when people turn to crime and deviancy when they feel unable to achieve socially approved goals through legitimate means. (Agnew, 1992). Featherstone and Deflem (2003) outline five routes that individuals could take in order to achieve their goals, according to Merton’s theory. The first is the ‘conformist’ route where individuals adhereRead MoreCrime And The Crimes Of Crime Essay1949 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006) crime is defined as â€Å"an offence punishable by the State on behalf of the general public whose standards do not permit the offending behaviour.† Whilst countless studies have been conducted over the years surrounding crime and the committing of crimes by individuals’, there has also long been debate surrounding whether or not crime is gendered and if so, to what extent. Over the decades a number of studies have been conducted in order to answer

Big History A New Form Of History - 1190 Words

Holley Trimble Paper 2-13 Dr. Stone November 12, 2014 Big History Big History, which was developed by David Christian and Bill Gates, is a new form of history that is continuously popping up in several high schools and colleges across the country. It has been quietly but rapidly growing throughout the course of the past three years due to its new concept of how history can be taught. Focusing on the universe and how everything is linked. Throughout my paper I will inform you of where Big History derived from, what Big History is and how it compares with conventional history, and the advantages of Big History along with the disadvantages. Big History which was already in a way developed by David Christian did not get its jump start†¦show more content†¦He also was prepared to personally fund the project outside of his foundation and that he wanted to be personally involved with the process. Gates told Christian to think about it and to email him if he was interested, which Christian did soon after. The two men began working on adapting the college course into a high school curriculum which would make it easy to teach to any high school student on a variety of learning levels. Gates insisted that the course include a strong digital component along with digital timelines. The site would be open to the public but have a password protected forum for teachers to trade notes and be able to update them if necessary. Gates decided that the course would be pitched to individual schools, rather than entire districts, that way it could grow and improve as it did so. In 2011, the Big History Project debuted in five high schools, but in the three years since Christian and Gates have accelerated its growth. In the fall of 2014 the course was offered free to over 1,000 schools across the country which will reach around 15,000 students. They hope to further expand their project so that it is offered everywhere in the country. Now to talk about what Big History is and how it is different from conventional history. Big History arose from a desire to go beyond the specialized and self-contained fields, it tries to grasp history as a whole, looking for mutual themes across numerous time scales in history. It is

The War I And World War II - 1191 Words

Introduction During World War I and World War II life back home changed excessively. When the soldiers went to fight in World War 1 and World War 2, women and children had to replace men in the workforce. There was an increase in those affected by the trauma of the wars, and the birth-rates dropped during this time. Family Families were affected by the trauma and exposure of the war, causing mental illnesses such as depression. Young children had been exposed to the trauma of war. A great deal of pressure was put onto the older children because they had to take care of the household and their younger siblings. Injuries and mental health left soldiers unemployed, which led to financial difficulty to provide for the children, this forced families to change their standard of living in some cases (â€Å"Impact on soldiers and their families†). Children were also able to help during the wars through services such as knitting sweaters and making bandages for soldiers overseas. Sufficiently the topic of war was also beginning to appear in curricular in early 1914. Patriotic teachers encouraged students to help convince adult males or older brothers to enlist in the war. Countless children remember war as an economic hardship, grinding tragedy and unbearable grief (â€Å"The Children’s War†). Separation of fathers or sons left devastating effects on children, many felt as if their childhood had been stripped from them. This established tension between families as they poverty rate had beenShow MoreRelatedWar I And World War II919 Words   |  4 Pageshistorians debate rather World War I and World War II were two different parts to the same war or if they are separate and distinct wars. Even though World War I and World War II were very different wars, and there were many years in between the two, the outcomes of World War I caused for World War II to happen because of unresolved issues. World War II is a continuation of World War I. World War I lasted four years and was the first total war in history. Before World War I Europe was doing well theyRead MoreThe War I And World War II1660 Words   |  7 Pagesin thehistory of the world were World War I and World War II. World War I occurred from 1914 to 1918. World War I was caused by militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism and assassination (MANIA). The first four causations were more of a build-up to it. Then, once the Arch-Duke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, the buildup was sparked. This can be compared to pouring gasoline on the ground and then lighting it on fire. World War II occurred from 1939 to 1945.World War II was caused by the discontentRead MoreWar I And World War II1517 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history the United States has been involved in many different wars. Their involvement has brought forth many significant events and changes that have affected the American way of life. I will briefly discuss the events and the United States involvement in World War I and World War II. I will give a brief overview of both wars and explain exactly how and why the United States joined in each. The term First World War was first used in 1914 by Ernst Haeckel, who stated that, there is noRead MoreThe War I And World War II944 Words   |  4 PagesFrom piles of bodies in no man’s land to Jewish death camps, the level of violence found within World War I and World War II was extreme even for wartime standards. These experiences shaped generations to come through the memories passed on by those who lived through such atrocities. Both Ernst Junger and Art Spiegelman carry on these memories through the book Storm of Steel and graphic novel Maus. Their pieces both give glimpses into the lives of the past and the violence in which those individualsRead MoreWorld War I And The War II1518 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II was a war that ended in much tragedy. There were over 60 million casualties. Throughout World War II there was how it started, the Nazi Regime, and some of the major battles. Much of the war was about the Germans bringing together a group of people called the Nazis. They were under the rule of Adolf Hitler. There were two groups fighting against each other: the Axis powers and the Allied powers. The Axis powers consisted of Japan, Italy, and Germany. The Allied powers were GreatRead MoreWar I And World War II1264 Words   |  6 Pages During any war, there will alwaAys be alliances made which stick even after the war has been dissolved. Postwar foreign policy after wars such as World War I and World War II was complicated and both had their similarities and differences from each other. World War I (WWI) strengthened our international relations with many countries, It also deteriorated some relations as well and set the stage for America becoming a great power. World War II (WWII) had some of the same effects, solidating ourRead MoreWar I And World War II771 Words   |  4 Pagessought to stay out of both World War I and World War II only to be pulled in by intense happenings that inflicted chaos on the nations people. World War II would be a time in American history that would bring many fresh war tactics and developments, that helped to pull a depraved nation from the depths of a depression as well as pled ge the freedom and prosperity of its opposing nations. Dangerous discoveries will be made in the world would be left to be governed by two world powers. Hoping to remainRead MoreWorld War I and World War II700 Words   |  3 PagesMany people know about World War I and World War II seeing that they are a couple of the world’s most famous wars. Have you ever wondered how much you really know? This paper is here to inform you of all of the propaganda used to persuade people to follow Hitler, the Nazi party, and Stalin, terms that were used during this time period, and some of the very important people involved in World War I and in World War II. In the heat of World War I there were two groups, the Allies and the Central PowersRead MoreThe War I And World War II911 Words   |  4 Pages There are many countries in the world that have a great history. Their antiquity benefited them in one way or another. One of these nations is France, which is known to have glorious events in the past. These events have made France the way it is now. For example, World War I, and World War II. However, these events were not the only thing that had a major role in France’s history some people are involved as well, such as Napoleon Bonaparte I and Louis Napoleon III. Those two men controlled FranceRead MoreThe War I And World War II881 Words   |  4 PagesCOMPARISONS The second half of the twentieth century was very troubled for many countries. Immediately after World War II, another war would start; the Cold War. Fortunately the Cold War was not near as bloody as World War I and World War II, but it was also harmful to multiple countries. At the time, Democracy and Communism were fighting against each other to be the most dominant ideology in the world and consequently the most influential one. Africa was colonized by many European countries and Democracy

International Business Political Hazardous Situation

Question: Describe about the International Business for Political Hazardous Situation. Answer: Background of the selected organization: Recent political hazardous situation has influenced one of the powerful economies of the world UK to leave the European Union. As a result, it has created a major hara-kiri in overall business procedures of all the major organizations dealing in different sectors. It has also influenced organizations to implement several strategic changes in order to maintain their business at the optimum level. In this study, the focus will be on the business processes of British Petroleum (BP) after UK leaving European Union. It has been assessed that oil and gas is among the prime sectors that are facing major challenges in the proper execution of the operational process for fulfilling the requirements of the market. Now, British Petroleum is the prime organization in UK dealing in the oil and gas sector (bp.com 2016). Therefore, it is expected that the evaluation of the strategies implemented by British Petroleum for countering present political hazardous situation will provide a guideline for ot her organizations dealing in the same sector for handling their business procedure in an appropriate manner. Furthermore, many recent news reports has highlighted the fact that Brexit has induced BP to make major changes in the operational procedure in order to achieve sustainable growth in the market. Impact of UK exit from European Union on the international business perspective of British Petroleum: As highlighted by Kar, Bansal and Mishra (2016.) UK has been separated from the European Union based on public opinion of the British people. However, the exit of UK from European Union has created major impact on the overall economic condition of the country. Firstly, Brexit has increased the level of uncertainty that UK has to face on the economic growth perspectives. As per the article by Coles (2016), Brexit has created major impact on several factors that play critical role on maintaining the economic condition of the economy. It has been assessed that Brexit has enhanced the friction between international trading partners and UK. As a result, it has increased the level of uncertainty that prime organizations have to face for the future access of the European market. Therefore, it has influenced organizations to hold their planned investment structure for specific time period. Now, global businesses are hugely interconnected with each other that have created major impact on the overall economic growth process to slow down in a major way. As a result, BP also has restricted some major investments for specific time period, which is expected to damage the growth rate of the organization in UK and European market. As Brexit has induced unexpected slowdown in the economic activity of UK, it has also created major adverse impact on the value of British Pound. As highlighted by Mitchell (2016) decreasing value of British pound induces major organizations like British Petroleum to investment more on the effective fulfilment of all the requirements of the operational process. Therefore, it has created adverse impact on the overall revenue level of the organization. For that reason, BP has tried to reduce the amount of benefits provided to all level of employees in order to maintain the profit level at the expected rate. As a result, it has also created huge amount adverse impact on the overall internal environment of the organization. However, Lea (2016) have highlighted that the impact of Brexit is not only restricted between the geographical boundaries of UK. It has also created major impact on the investment pattern of the foreign investors in UK market. It has been evaluated that the foreign in vestment rate has been dropped to 5% after UK has been separated from European Union. Therefore, it has also created adverse impact on the operational processes of BP for fulfilling all the requirements in an appropriate way. Identification of strategies implemented by British Petroleum in response to economic slowdown: As per the article by Busch and Matthes (2016), proper utilization of strategic decisions is necessary for achieving sustainable growth in the market. Specifically, in the politically complex situation significance of organization strategy is huge for fulfilling all the requirements in an appropriate way. Now, in order to counter the economic slowdown process BP has tried to utilize systematic procedure so that it can able to create maximum impact on the business perspective. Firstly, BP has focuses on to developing business strategies for convincing the foreign investors to invest continuously on the operational process. Therefore, British Petroleum has tried to utilized goodwill of the organization for inducing investors from different parts of the world to invest more on the operational process (Parkes 2016). BP has also tried to develop face-to-face meetings with the potential investors for providing them the idea regarding the kind of benefit they will receive by investing in th e operational process of the organization. As mentioned earlier, Brexit has reduced the value of British pound, which eventually created adverse impact on the overall revenue of the organization. Therefore, BP has focused developing strategies so that it can create positive impact on the overall effectiveness of the operational process (Lang and Schoen 2016). For instance, BP will try to reduce cost associated with international market strategies. Several studies have highlighted that BP tries to utilize effective market survey technique in order to create maximum amount of impact on the market. However, it has increased the overall cost associated with the marketing procedure that eventually reduces the profit level of the organization. Therefore, BP has focuses on the effective utilization of promotional campaign so that it can able to fulfil all the objectives. Implemented strategies of BP focused more on utilizing social media platforms to reach to the potential customers. Several studies have mentioned that social media is probably the most cost effective promotional tool that organization can choose utilize for achieving sustainable growth in the market. It also has tried to utilize direct marketing campaign for reaching to the target customers in an appropriate way (Lea 2016). Furthermore, BP has to invest huge amount of the effective logistic and transport department so that the products of the organization reach to the desired destination. However, the present situation has induced BP to consider different alternative strategies so that the cost associated with the logistic operational process can be recovered in an appropriate manner. Therefore, BP has tried to reduce the maintenance cost associated with logistics and operational process in an appropriate manner. After the exit of UK from European Union, BP has faced huge amount of challenges in providing products to all parts of the Europe. As the separation of UK from the European Union has created different types of legislative rules and regulations for the organizations for conducting the business, BP has tried to develop strategies in such a way so that it can able to fulfil all the requirements in an appropriate manner (Dhingra 2016). For instance, BPs strategy focuses on to include several legislative guidelines regarding both internal and external environment of the business in an effective way. BPs internal strategy focuses on to reducing the dissatisfaction level of the employees so that they can able to give their best at the workplace. The implemented strategy of BP has tried to provide certain level of benefits to the employees regardless of the present profit level (Cauwels and Sornette 2015). For instance, the organization has made conscious effort in maintaining the provided h ealth benefits to all the employees so that positive work environment can be maintained in future as well. BP has also tried to implemented effective leadership style for encouraging employees to give their best at the workplace (SERBIA 2016). For instance, the management of BP has consciously tried to utilize opinion of the employees at the time of implementing any changes in the operational procedure. BP has also focuses on to provide effective training facilities to the employees so that they can able to adjust with the changing operational procedure in an effective manner. Evaluation of the implemented strategies by BP in response to economic slowdown: The above-mentioned strategies of BP have provided specific assistance in countering the economic slowdown situation in an appropriate manner. For instance, implemented strategies of BP for convincing foreign stakeholders have helped to handle all the requirements of the operational process in an appropriate manner. However, in order to induce foreign investors, BP has to utilize different strategies like face-to-face conversation, utilization brand value in an effective manner (Colantone and Stanig 2016). As a result, BP has to develop a separate team so that they can able to convince all the prime foreign investors to invest continuously in the operational process of the organization. Economic slowdown has induced organizations to provide more benefits to the foreign investors for inducing them to make effective investment in the operational procedure (Zangana 2016). As a result, it has reduced profit level of the organization in a major way. Thus, it highlighted the fact that inve stor management strategy of BP has created mixed impact on the business level of the organization. Secondly, BP has tried to implement effective marketing campaign so that it can able to provide effective support to the organization. Therefore, the implemented marketing strategy of BP is more focused towards the cost effectiveness. However, cost effective marketing strategy of BP might not able to create desired amount of impact on reaching to the target market in an appropriate way (Gifford 2016). For instance, BP has tried to utilize social media platform for enhancing the popularity level in the market. However, business pattern of BP needs to target prime industrialize organizations to create maximum impact on the business process. Therefore, it can be easily assessed that the marketing campaign of BP also needs to utilize other marketing tools like direct marketing, television advertisements for creating desired impact on the market. Thus, it can be mentioned that BPs strategy of implementing cost effective marketing technique has not able to create expected impact level on t he market, which eventually will create adverse impact on the business processes. The above discussion has highlighted the fact that the implemented strategies of BP is focused towards reducing the benefit level of the employees for keeping the profit level of the organization at the optimum level. However, BP also has made a conscious effort to make very limited changes in the provided benefit level of the employees so that the healthy working atmosphere of the organization can be mentioned in future as well (Marriott 2014). However, as the organization is looking to reduce the benefit level, it will create adverse impact on the motivation of the employees. Therefore, BP has to handle the entire situation in such a way so that the work culture of the organization remains intact. Therefore, it has increased the significance of the implemented leadership style within the organization structure. Now, BP also has tried to utilize collaborative decision-making strategy for maintaining the entire work environment in an appropriate way. However, Benjamin (2016) has high lighted the fact that utilization of collaborative leadership strategy often reduces the speed of decision-making process in an appropriate manner. Therefore, the implemented leadership style of BP also has to consider the risk of slow decision-making process on the operational sector. In fact, it actually increases the level of expected risk that organization has to face in order to counter the economic slowdown process in an appropriate manner. Furthermore, implemented strategies of BP also include minimization of costs associated with logistics and operational process. Now, several studies have highlighted effective maintenance of logistics and supply chain management is necessary for the oil and gas sector. Otherwise, it can create major ethical and social challenges for the company to run the business in an appropriate manner (Marquand 2014). Now, reducing cost in the logistic and transport sector can increase health safety risk for the employees working in the respective department. Therefore, if any major accident occurs in the transport process, it will create direct adverse impact on the overall image of the organization. Therefore, the focus organization will face major challenges in maintaining the revenue level of the organization at the expected rate. Furthermore, reducing cost in the logistics process might also create difficulties for the organization to provide products at the desired destination within the li mited timeframe (Johnson 2016). Thus, the implemented strategies of BP can have both positive as well as negative impact on the business process of the organization. Recommendations: From the above discussion, it can be assessed that the implemented strategies of BP has not able to create desired amount of impact on the operational process of the organization. Therefore, BP needs to re-consider the implemented strategies for enhancing the level of impact on the business processes. The recommended strategies for BP in order to counter impact of Brexit are provided as follows: Establishment of structured investment pattern for the operational process: As per the article by Lea (2016) development proper investment structure is necessary for fulfilling all the requirements of the operational process in an appropriate manner. Structured investment pattern not only help organization to provided effective fund at all level of the operational process but also allows organization to segregate the entire profit level in an appropriate way. Now, structured investment pattern requires strong relationship with the investors, as it allows organization to handle difficult situation in an appropriate way. Thus, BP also needs to implement strategies for developing effective and long-term relationship with the investors so that the organization does not have to face crisis of fund at the difficult situations. Evaluation of future political context and its impact on the oil and gas industry: As highlighted by Gowland (2016) political issue is the prime cause for the separation of UK from the European Union. Therefore, it is necessary for BP to analyze the present political situations and its expected impact on the business perspective in a continuous manner. Proper evaluation of the political context will help the organization to judge the possible factors that can have impact on the overall effectiveness of the business procedure. For instance, oil and and gas industry is among the prime sector where political environment plays a critical role in fulfilling all the requirements in an appropriate manner. Several political rules regarding crude oil transportation, health benefits of the employees and service security level of the employees has been implemented on the organization. Therefore, it does create direct impact on the overall revenue level of the organization. Development of supporting model at the workplace: As highlighted by Radu and Radu (2016) business model plays a significant role in effective management of political and social barriers in an effective manner. Now, the above discussion has highlighted the fact that BP is primarily using collaborative business model for fulfilling all the requirements in an appropriate way. However, the implemented business model has slowed down the decision-making process for the organization. Therefore, it has become necessary for BP to utilize combined business model for fulfilling all the requirements of the operational process. For instance, BP needs to utilize autocratic business model in some situation for increasing the rate of decision-making process. Furthermore, the supportive business model has to be implemented in such a way so that it can reduce the pessimistic approach of the employees in an effective way. Therefore, it will eventually increase effectiveness of the operational process of the organization. Proper analysis of expected impact of Brexit on the employees: British Petroleum also needs to have in-depth analysis regarding the impact the Brexit can able to have on the employees. For instance, Brexit often induces organizations to implement changes in the operational procedure. Therefore, employees have to face challenges in order to fulfil the provided responsibilities of the organization. As per the article by Davies and Kirsey (2016) too much changes in the operational procedure reduces the motivational level of the employees that eventually reduces the effectiveness of the operational process. Furthermore, many employees become rigid when organizations focus on to implement too many changes in the operational procedure, which affects the revenue level of the organization. Therefore, proper evaluation of the expected impact of Brexit on the employees will help BP to develop counter strategies in an appropriate way. Reducing the cost associated with the RD sector: As per the article by Radu and Radu (2016), British Petroleum has invested huge amount on the RD department so that it can able to fulfil the demand of the market. Furthermore, it also utilizes RD department for enhancing the quality of final products so that it can able to satisfy the customers in an appropriate way. Now, in the present situation BP needs to cuts the cost associated with the operational process, as it will help to maintain the profit level at the expected rate. However, the cost cutting in the RD sector will have to be implemented in such a way so that it cannot able to create any type of negative impact on the operational process. Furthermore, BP needs to ensure that all the activities in the RD department has maintained the ethical and environmental guidelines so that it can create positive impact on the goodwill of the organization. Conclusion: The study has highlighted the fact that Brexit has created major impact on the overall business procedure of the organization. It not only created number political restrictions but also legislative restrictions as well that organizations need to consider for effective utilization of the business procedure. The study has highlighted that the implemented strategies of British Petroleum and its possible impact on the operational procedure. The study has highlighted both positive and negative aspect of the implemented strategies of British Petroleum for providing effective recommendations to enhance the revenue level in an appropriate way. The study has also provided the best possible way for BP to handle present hazardous political environment in the European Union. The study has recommended that British Petroleum needs to focus on both internal as well as external factors of the businesses in order to handle the challenges of Brexit on the operational processes in an effective way so t hat it can able to achieve sustainable growth in the European market. References: Benjamin, L., 2016. The Responsibilities of Carbon Major Companies: Are They (and Is the Law) Doing Enough?.Transnational Environmental Law,5(2), p.353. bp.com. (2016). Available at: https://www.bp.com/en_gb/united-kingdom.html [Accessed 30 Nov. 2016]. Busch, B. and Matthes, J., 2016. BrexitThe Economic Impact.A Meta-Analysis, IW-Report, (10). Cauwels, P. and Sornette, D., 2015. The FCO CockpitGlobal Bubble Status Report.Chair of Entrepreneurial Risk. Colantone, I. and Stanig, P., 2016. Global Competition and Brexit. Coles, T.J., 2016.The Great Brexit Swindle: Why the mega-rich and free market fanatics conspired to force Britain from the European Union. CLAIRVIEW BOOKS. Davies, K. and Kirsey, V., 2016. Anti-Suit Injunctions in Support of London Seated Arbitrations Post-Brexit: Are All Things New Just Well-Forgotten Past?.Journal of International Arbitration,33(4), pp.501-519. Dhingra, S., 2016. Salvaging Brexit: The Right Way to Leave the EU.Foreign Aff.,95, p.90. Gifford, C., 2016. The United Kingdoms Eurosceptic political economy.The British Journal of Politics and International Relations,18(4), pp.779-794. Gowland, D., 2016.Britain and the European Union. Routledge. Johnson, K.L., 2016. Soil remediation: Engage engineers in soil management.Nature,532(7597), pp.37-37. Kar, S.K., Bansal, R. and Mishra, S., 2016. A Comparative Financial Performance Analysis: Study of Indian and Global Oil Companies.Oil, Gas Energy Law Journal (OGEL),14(4). Lang, T. and Schoen, V., 2016. Food, the UK and the EU: Brexit or Bremain?. Lea, R., 2016. Post-Brexit trading options for the UK.Arbuthnot Banking Group,4. Lea, R., 2016. The Brexit vote has had no major economic impact so far, according to the ONS.Arbuthnot Banking Group,26. Lea, R., 2016. The economy two months post-Brexit vote: cautiously encouraging.Arbuthnot Banking Group,30. Marquand, D., 2014.Mammon's Kingdom: An Essay on Britain, Now. Penguin UK. Marriott, J., 2014. Memories of the future: an essay on hope and fear: dramatic change has happened before and can happen again.Soundings, (59), pp.129-141. Mitchell, P., 2016. 'Brexit'stuns UK biotech into waiting game, but not all signals are red. Parkes, R., 2016. Brexit: A storm in a teacup?.Renewable Energy Focus,17(5), pp.188-190. Radu, C. and Radu, L., 2016. THE REFORM OF NATIONAL SOCIAL-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS AND EUROPEAN REFORM.Challenges of the Knowledge Society, p.904. Radu, L. and Radu, C., 2016. NEW POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES IN A COMPLICATED INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT.Challenges of the Knowledge Society, p.896. SERBIA, E.M.I., 2016. EUROPEAN ENERGY UNION AFTER BREXIT.Romania,40(21), p.3110455. Zangana, A., 2016. The risks of Brexit.

Penetration Testing Software Development â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Penetration Testing Software Development? Answer: Introducation The paper reflects on the project our language is important which is mainly based on the concept of indigenous language incorporation within campus signs. It is identified that the theme for NAIDOC 2017 aims to celebrate as well as emphasize the important role that the indigenous language play in cultural identity. In the late eighteenth century, 250 different indigenous language groups cover the continent. However, today only around 120 languages are spoken and the rest of the languages are at risk. The NAIDOC committee chairperson Benjamin Mitchell wants to preserve and revitalize the language of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island. Key Deliverables Deliverable Key Deliverable Signage Board Sub-deliverable 1 Designing Signage board Sub-deliverable 2 Development of signage board Justification Output Outcome Benefits Incorporation of local Aboriginal signage on each of the campus of CQU. To preserve and revitalize the language of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island The students of SET (School of Engineering and Technology) came to know about the importance of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island language. Justification statement The organization must invest money on this project as this project would helps in providing awareness about the importance of Aboriginal language and also assists in preserving and revitalizing the language. Cause Event Effect Problems in development of signage board The implementation of the signage board can be disoriented due to improper budget estimation and poor management. The construction of the signage board will not be completed within the estimated time. Cause Event Effect Unable to interpret language properly The language of Aboriginal and Torres island may not be understood by the students of the university The students are unable to convey appropriate messages to the signage boards. Schedule for Key Deliverables Deliverable Start Date End Date Key Deliverable 5/23/18 7/3/18 Sub-deliverable 1 7/4/18 8/13/18 Sub-deliverable 2 10/26/18 11/22/18 Proposed Lifecycle: Waterfall (Traditional) or Agile The selected methodology for this project is Waterfall (traditional) methodology. This methodology is mainly selected as in this method the planning phase errors are generally captured before the implementation phase and with the help of this method the entire project cost is estimated appropriately (Tomanek Klima, 2015). It is identified that this type of project approach is quite structured and as a result they are easier to measure the entire progress of the project. Summary Budget Activities Deliverables Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Signage board $640.00 $4,000.00 2,000.00 $3,000.00 $3,000.00 $2,000.00 $2,000.00 16,640.00 Designing of Signage board $3,720.00 $3,000.00 $6,720.00 Development of Signage board $500.00 $1,500.00 $2,000.00 Proposed Contract Type The contract type that is proposed for this project must be of fixed term and it must assist in forming the Signage board for preserving the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island language. It is identified that both the contractor as well as workers implement the procedure within the time that is mainly allocated for fixed amount of cost. Stakeholders Stakeholder Category 1 Board of the university Sponsor 2 Project team Suppliers 3 External Contractor Suppliers 4 Workers Suppliers 5 Students Users 6 Professors Users Structure of Project Board Board Role Details Executive Name: Wiz Smith Position: Board member Organisation: CQU University Professor Name: John White Position: College professor Organisation: CQU university Supplier Name: Lauren Leaf Position: Student Organisation: CQU University Project Manager The project manager is the fourth position on the Project Board and will have equal voting rights in all decisions related to the project. The project manager is to be provided with the status report of the project prior to the board meeting. Project Approvals Requires approval of successful completion / achievement. Approver (Name, Position, Organisation) 1. Key Deliverable Wiz Smith Board member CQU University 2. Sub Deliverable 1 John Leaf Board member CQU University 3. Sub Deliverable 2 Smith White Board member CQU University 4. Project has achieved the benefits. Lauren Leaf Student CQU University Charter Approval The undersigned acknowledge that they have reviewed the our language is important Charter and agree with the information presented within this document. Signature: Lauren Leaf 8/1/2017 Print Name: Lauren Leaf Title: Board member Organisation: CQU university References Cooke, J. L. (2016). PRINCE2 Agile: an implementation pocket guide: step-by-step advice for every project type. Graham, N. (2013).Passing the PRINCE2 Exams for Dummies. John Wiley Sons. Saad, S., Ibrahim, A., Asma, O., Khan, M. S., Akhter, J. (2014). PRINCE2 MEthodology: AN INNovAtIvE WAy foR IMPRovINg PERfoRMANCE of MAlAysIAN AutoMotIvE INdustRy.The Journal of Technology Management and Technopreneurship (JTMT),1(1). Tomanek, M., Klima, T. (2015). Penetration Testing in Agile Software Development Projects.arXiv preprint arXiv:1504.00942.